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The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.įunding: This study was partially supported by the Global COE program for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Research (A06) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. Received: Accepted: DecemPublished: January 22, 2014Ĭopyright: © 2014 Suzuki et al. PLoS ONE 9(1):Įditor: Matsuo Uemura, Iwate University, Japan jantseanus will prove useful for future studies of cryopreservation.Ĭitation: Suzuki D, Miyamoto T, Kikawada T, Watanabe M, Suzuki T (2014) A Leech Capable of Surviving Exposure to Extremely Low Temperatures. We anticipate that the mechanism for the observed tolerance to freezing and thawing in O. jantseanus enable the leech to withstand a wider range of temperatures than those reported previously for cryobiotic organisms. The results demonstrated that the novel cryotolerance mechanisms employed by O. The leech was also capable of enduring repeated freeze-thaw cycles in the temperature range 20☌ to −100☌ and then back to 20☌. Specifically, the leech survived exposure to super-low temperatures by storage in liquid nitrogen (−196☌) for 24 hours, as well as long-term storage at temperatures as low as −90☌ for up to 32 months.
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This finding is particularly interesting because the leach can survive these temperatures without any acclimation period or pretreatment. We show that the ozobranchid leech, Ozobranchus jantseanus, a parasite of freshwater turtles, has a surprisingly high tolerance to freezing and thawing. In the case of temperature, the ability to survive subzero temperatures is referred to as cryobiosis. However, some organisms are capable of surviving extreme variations in environmental conditions. It is widely considered that most organisms cannot survive prolonged exposure to temperatures below 0☌, primarily because of the damage caused by the water in cells as it freezes.